Cloud Application Security in C# for Azure

Training Materials

All Application Security training attendees receive comprehensive courseware.

Software Requirements

Attendees will not need to install any software on their computers for this class. The class will be conducted in a remote environment that Ascendient Learning will provide; students will only need a local computer with a web browser and a stable Internet connection. Any recent version of Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, or Google Chrome will work well.

Outline

• Introduction
• Cyber Security Basics
  • What is security?
  • Threat and risk
  • Cyber security threat types – the CIA triad
  • Cyber security threat types – the STRIDE model
  • Consequences of insecure software
  • Cloud security basics
    • Cloud infrastructure basics
    • The Cloud Cube Model and Zero Trust Architecture
    • Case study – ChaosDB vulnerability in Azure Cosmos DB
• Introducing the OWASP Top 10
• A01 – Broken Access Control
  • Access control basics
  • Failure to restrict URL access
  • Confused deputy
    • Insecure direct object reference (IDOR)
    • Lab – Insecure Direct Object Reference
    • Authorization bypass through user-controlled keys
    • Case study – Authorization bypass on Facebook
    • Horizontal authorization
  • File upload
    • Unrestricted file upload
    • Good practices
    • Unrestricted file upload
  • Open redirects and forwards
    • Case study – Unvalidated redirect at Epic Games
    • Open redirects and forwards – best practices
  • Cross-site Request Forgery (CSRF)
    • Cross-site Request Forgery
    • CSRF best practices
    • CSRF defense in depth
    • CSRF protection with tokens
• A02 – Cryptographic Failures
  • Cryptography for developers
    • Confidentiality protection
  • Certificates
    • Certificates and PKI
    • X.509 certificates
    • Chain of trust
    • PKI actors and procedures
    • PGP – Web of Trust
    • Certificate revocation
  • Transport security
    • Transport security weaknesses
    • The TLS protocol
• A03 – Injection
  • Injection principles
  • Injection attacks
  • SQL injection
  • SQL injection basics
    • SQL injection
    • Attack techniques
    • Content-based blind SQL injection
    • Time-based blind SQL injection
  • NoSQL injection
    • NoSQL injection basics
    • NoSQL injection in MongoDB
    • NoSQL injection in DynamoDB
  • SQL injection best practices
    • Input validation
    • Parameterized queries
    • Using prepared statements
    • Additional considerations
    • Case study – Hacking Fortnite accounts
  • Code injection
    • Code injection via input()
    • OS command injection
  • HTML injection – Cross-site scripting (XSS)
    • Cross-site scripting basics
    • Cross-site scripting types
    • Stored XSS
    • Reflected XSS
    • Case study – XSS in Fortnite accounts
  • XSS protection best practices
• A04 – Insecure Design
  • The STRIDE model of threats
    • Secure design principles of Saltzer and Schroeder
    • Economy of mechanism
    • Fail-safe defaults
    • Complete mediation
    • Open design
    • Separation of privilege
    • Least privilege
    • Least common mechanism
    • Psychological acceptability
  • Client-side security
    • Frame sandboxing
• A05 – Security Misconfiguration
  • Cookie security
    • Cookie attributes
  • XML entities
    • DTD and the entities
    • Entity expansion
    • Lab – Billion laughs attack
    • External Entity Attack (XXE)
• A06 – Vulnerable and Outdated Components
  • Using vulnerable components
  • Untrusted functionality import
  • Malicious packages in Java
  • Vulnerability management
    • Patch management
    • Vulnerability databases
• A07 – Identification and Authentication Failures
  • Authentication
    • Authentication basics
    • Multi-factor authentication
    • Case study – PayPal 2FA bypass
  • Session management
    • Session management essentials
    • Why do we protect session IDs – Session hijacking
    • Session fixation
    • Session handling in Flask
  • Single sign-on (SSO)
    • Single sign-on concept
    • OAuth 2.0
    • SAML
  • Identity and access management in Azure
    • Groups, roles, and credentials
    • Access tokensIdentity and access management (IAM)
  • Password management
    • Inbound password management
    • Outbound password management
• A08 – Software and Data Integrity Failures
  • Integrity protection
    • Message Authentication Code (MAC)
    • Digital signature
  • Subresource integrity
    • Importing JavaScript
    • Case study – The British Airways data breach
  • Insecure deserialization
    • Serialization and deserialization challenges
    • Integrity – deserializing untrusted streams
    • Deserialization with pickle
    • PyYAML deserialization challenges
    • Integrity – deserialization best practices
• A09 – Security Logging and Monitoring Failures
  • Logging and monitoring principles
  • Insufficient logging
  • Case study – Plaintext passwords at Facebook
  • Logging best practices
  • Monitoring best practices
  • Detection and monitoring
    • Utilizing Azure monitoring for security
    • Protecting logs
    • The Azure Security Hub
• A10 – Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  • Server-side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  • Case study – SSRF and the Capital One breach
• Cloud  Security
  • Azure security
    • Security considerations for Azure
  • Container security
    • Container security concerns
    • Containerization, virtualization and security
    • The attack surface
    • Docker security
  • Kubernetes security
    • The Kubernetes architecture and security
    • Securing Kubernetes hosts
    • Best practices for Kubernetes access control
    • Building secure Kubernetes images
    • Secure deployment of Kubernetes containers
    • Protecting Kubernetes deployments at runtime
    • Case study – Azurescape
  • Data security in the cloud
    • Data confidentiality and integrity in the cloud
    • Data privacy in the cloud
    • Compliance considerations
    • Data security in Azure
    • Storing cryptographic keys
    • Protecting data at rest
    • Protecting data in transit
    • JSON security
• Web application security beyond the Top Ten
  • Code quality
    • Data handling
    • Initialization and cleanup
    • Object-oriented programming pitfalls
• Denial of service
  • Flooding
  • Resource exhaustion
  • Sustained client engagement
  • Algorithm complexity issues
• Input validation
  • Input validation principles
  • Denylists and allowlists
  • What to validate – the attack surface
  • Where to validate – defense in depth
  • When to validate – validation vs transformations
  • Validation with regex
  • Integer handling problems
    • Representing signed numbers
    • Integer visualization
    • Integer overflow
    • Signed / unsigned confusion
    • Case study – The Stockholm Stock Exchange
    • Integer truncation
    • Best practices
  • Files and streams
    • Path traversal
    • Lab – Path traversal
    • Path traversal-related examples
    • Additional challenges in Windows
    • Virtual resources
    • Path traversal best practices
    • Lab – Path canonicalization
  • Unsafe reflection
    • Reflection without validation
    • Lab – Unsafe reflection
  • Unsafe native code
  • Native code dependence
  • Best practices for dealing with native code
• Conclusion
  • Secure coding principles
    • Principles of robust programming by Matt Bishop
  • And now what?
    • Software security sources and further reading
    • .NET and C# resources
• Conclusion